Research on the Construction of Digital Resource Preservation Model Based on Blockchain and Distributed Storage
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Huang Chengli, Deputy Director of the Technical Department, Librarian, Engineer, Master’s Degree, E-mail:154133936@qq.com. |
Received date: 2025-05-16
Online published: 2025-09-22
[Purpose/Significance] Addressing issues such as single point of failure, privacy leakage, and insufficient ability of traditional digital resource preservation methods, an integrated model based on blockchain and distributed storage is proposed to solve the core challenges such as easy data tampering, inefficient permission management and a lack of trust in cross-institutional collaboration. [Method/Process] This study designed a hierarchical architecture model that integrates blockchain depositary metadata and IPFS chunked storage files. And smart contracts were utilized to automate processes including resource upload, permission control and data recovery. Data privacy was safeguarded through AES encryption. The model's reliability was rigorously verified based on a hash collision probability calculation (4.26×10-27) and a quantified disaster tolerance capacity quantification (annual file recoverability rate of 99.99%). [Result/Conclusion] The model significantly outperforms other methods in data immutability, privacy protection (it takes 3.68×1051 years to crack AES-256) and disaster tolerance capacity. And it is suitable for high-security scenarios such as digital archives and medical data management. The study also proposes strategies such as hierarchical storage, data deduplication and compression to optimize system performance and reduce cost. A modular design reduces development complexity, while the integration of managed services enhances deployment efficiency. This research shows that the collaborative mechanism of blockchain and IPFS provides a reliable path for digital resources preservation. In the future, it is necessary to further balance performance and cost to support large-scale applications.
Huang Chengli . Research on the Construction of Digital Resource Preservation Model Based on Blockchain and Distributed Storage[J]. Knowledge Management Forum, 2025 , 10(5) : 415 -428 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.2095-5472.2025.027
表1 理论验证结果Table 1 Theoretical validation results |
| 验证指标 | 量化结果 | 判定标准 |
|---|---|---|
| 哈希冲突概率 | 4.26× | < 不可行 |
| 共识攻破成本 | 1.62× 美元 | 远超数据价值 |
| 文件年可恢复率 | 99.99% | 具有高可靠性 |
| 单次存证总时间 | 14.1秒 | 满足非实时场景需求 |
| 加密文件泄露概率 | 3.68× 年 | 理论上不可破解 |
表2 多种存储方案对比表Table 2 Storage Solution Comparison Chart |
| 对比维度 | 集中式存储 | 分布式存储 | 云存储服务 | 本文提出的模型 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 数据不可篡改性 | 依赖管理员权限控制,内部篡改风险高 | 多节点验证但缺乏统一共识机制 | 依赖服务提供商,存在篡改风险 | 区块链存证确保元数据不可篡改 |
| 数据隐私保护 | 集中管理存在内部泄露风险 | 节点间信任机制不完善 | 数据集中存储,隐私泄露风险高 | 数据加密存储,用户掌控加密密钥 |
| 存储可靠性 | 极低,单点故障导致数据全部丢失 | 高,多副本机制但节点管理复杂 | 依赖单一服务提供商,存在单点故障风险 | 分布式存储多副本机制,容灾能力强 |
| 权限管理灵活性 | 低,依赖管理员手动配置,缺乏透明性 | 中等,节点间权限协调困难 | 权限由服务提供商集中控制,缺乏透明性 | 智能合约动态管理权限,操作透明可追溯 |
| 保存能力 | 硬件老化和技术迭代风险高 | 中等,主要依赖节点长期在线稳定性 | 服务提供商关闭或技术迭代可能导致数据丢失 | 分布式存储系统保证数据长期可用 |
| 系统复杂性 | 架构简单易于维护 | 节点协调和一致性维护比较复杂 | 实现简单,易于维护 | 结合多种技术,系统复杂性较高 |
| 存储成本 | 低,但扩展成本高 | 中等,分摊到多个节点 | 较低,受服务提供商定价策略影响 | 较高,受分布式存储节点数量和冗余策略影响 |
| 性能表现 | 高,本地网络访问速度快 | 访问速度受网络延迟和节点状态影响 | 访问速度快,适合高频访问场景 | 访问速度受网络延迟和节点状态影响 |
Author(s): Huang Chengli, Deputy Director of the Technical Department, Librarian, Engineer, Master’s Degree, E-mail: 154133936@qq.com.
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