Research on the Relationship between Interpersonal Relationships in Small Groups and Knowledge Sharing Based on the Whole Network
It is believed that the interpersonal relationship network is composed of four networks: the consultation network, the emotional network, general trust, and special trust. Based on the research results related to social relations, four hypotheses are proposed, and a whole network questionnaire is developed. Network data of scientific research small groups in universities are collected accordingly. Centrality analysis, QAP regression analysis, etc. are carried out for the two selected small groups, and the analysis results support three of the hypotheses. The conclusions show that the consultation network, general trust, and special trust are significantly positively correlated with knowledge sharing, while the emotional network is negatively correlated with knowledge sharing; the higher the centrality of the consultation network, the general trust network, and the special trust network, the more conducive it is to knowledge sharing.
Key words: small group; interpersonal relationship; knowledge sharing; whole Network
Wang Debin , Luo Yumei . Research on the Relationship between Interpersonal Relationships in Small Groups and Knowledge Sharing Based on the Whole Network[J]. Knowledge Management Forum, 2015 , 2015(1) : 49 -56 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.2095-5472.2015.01.007
=k,即表示成员i和成员j有k次知识共享,
=0则表示两者无知识共享,拥有N人的小团体,其知识共享矩阵是一个对称的N*N矩阵。
=1,可见,拥有N人的小团体所得人际关系矩阵由12个N*N矩阵构成,不同于知识共享矩阵,这12个矩阵并不一定是对称的。
)和标准化的中间中心度(
),也称为相对中间中心度。其中
,式中
,
表示点j和k间存在的捷径数量,
表示点j和k间存在的经过另一点i的捷径数目;
,n为网络人数,分子为网络所能达到的绝对中间中心度的最大值[18];标准化中间中心势(network centralization index)衡量了整个网络是否有明显向某个点集中的趋势,该值越大,表明整个网络所表现出的向某个点集中的趋势越明显,用NCI表示。团队A和B的中间中心度测量结果如表1和表2所示:表1 团队A的中间中心度测量结果 |
| 成员 | 咨询网络 | 情感网络 | 一般信任网络 | 特殊信任网络 | 知识共享网络 | |||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |||||
| 01 | 16.550 | 18.389 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 35.533 | 39.481 | 33.883 | 37.648 | 6.933 | 15.407 | ||||
| 11 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2.317 | 5.148 | ||||
| 12 | 2.150 | 2.389 | 4.500 | 5.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1.983 | 2.204 | 2.317 | 5.148 | ||||
| 21 | 12.517 | 13.907 | 15.500 | 17.222 | 19.267 | 21.407 | 10.350 | 11.500 | 2.067 | 4.593 | ||||
| 22 | 4.533 | 5.037 | 3.000 | 3.333 | 6.767 | 7.519 | 1.783 | 1.981 | 1.483 | 3.296 | ||||
| 31 | 3.033 | 3.370 | 20.000 | 22.222 | 14.700 | 16.333 | 7.817 | 8.685 | 1.033 | 2.296 | ||||
| 32 | 2.400 | 2.667 | 20.000 | 22.222 | 4.400 | 4.889 | 1.117 | 1.241 | 0.700 | 1.556 | ||||
| 41 | 3.917 | 4.352 | 18.000 | 20.000 | 2.467 | 2.741 | 4.250 | 4.722 | 0.500 | 1.111 | ||||
| 42 | 1.983 | 2.204 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 3.967 | 4.407 | 1.733 | 1.926 | 0.450 | 1.000 | ||||
| 51 | 1.667 | 1.852 | 12.000 | 13.333 | 1.500 | 1.667 | 6.833 | 7.593 | 0.200 | 0.444 | ||||
| 61 | 4.250 | 4.722 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 3.400 | 3.778 | 0.250 | 0.278 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| NCI | 14.34% | 14.11% | 33.21% | 33.64% | 12.95% | |||||||||
表2 团队B的中间中心度测量结果 |
| 成员 | 咨询网络 | 情感网络 | 一般信任网络 | 特殊信任网络 | 知识共享网络 | |||||||||
| | | | | | | | | | |||||
| 01 | 11.333 | 26.984 | 23.000 | 54.762 | 17.500 | 41.667 | 17.167 | 40.873 | 0.650 | 3.095 | ||||
| 11 | 1.917 | 4.563 | 1.333 | 3.175 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 4.250 | 10.119 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| 21 | 1.250 | 2.976 | 3.833 | 9.127 | 0.333 | 0.794 | 0.917 | 2.183 | 0.650 | 3.095 | ||||
| 22 | 4.000 | 9.524 | 2.500 | 5.592 | 11.333 | 26.984 | 5.167 | 12.302 | 0.200 | 0.952 | ||||
| 31 | 6.667 | 15.873 | 16.667 | 39.683 | 12.667 | 30.159 | 4.250 | 10.119 | 0.650 | 3.095 | ||||
| 41 | 1.083 | 2.579 | 0.333 | 0.794 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.650 | 3.095 | ||||
| 51 | 5.000 | 11.905 | 17.000 | 40.476 | 3.000 | 7.143 | 12.250 | 19.167 | 0.200 | 0.952 | ||||
| 61 | 0.750 | 1.786 | 24.333 | 57.937 | 1.167 | 2.778 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| NCI | 19.95% | 35.94% | 31.97% | 31.75% | 1.50% | |||||||||
表3 团队A各构面间矩阵相关关系检验结果 |
| 网络名称 | 咨询网络 | 情感网络 | 一般信任网络 | 特殊信任网络 | 知识共享网络 |
| 咨询网络 | |||||
| 情感网络 | 0.621*** | ||||
| 一般信任网络 | 0.614*** | 0.767*** | |||
| 特殊信任网络 | 0.809*** | 0.600*** | 0.699*** | ||
| 知识共享网络 | 0.588*** | 0.276** | 0.478*** | 0.632*** |
注:***表示p<0.001,**表示p<0.01,*表示p<0.05,下同 |
表4 团队B各构面间矩阵相关关系检验结果 |
| 网络名称 | 咨询网络 | 情感网络 | 一般信任网络 | 特殊信任网络 | 知识共享网络 |
| 咨询网络 | |||||
| 情感网络 | 0.664*** | ||||
| 一般信任网络 | 0.690*** | 0.626*** | |||
| 特殊信任网络 | 0.598** | 0.442** | 0.671*** | ||
| 知识共享网络 | 0.450*** | 0.310** | 0.391** | 0.389** |
表5 团队A的QAP回归结果 |
| 自变量 | 因变量:知识共享网络 | ||||||
| 咨询网络 | 1.976*** (0.588) | 2.280* (0.678) | 1.938* (0.576) | 1.129* (0.336) | |||
| 情感网络 | 1.171** (0.276) | -0.618 (-0.145) | -1.832 (-0.431) | -1.709* (-0.402) | |||
| 一般信任网络 | 2.384*** (0.478) | 2.270** (0.455) | 1.559* (0.312) | ||||
| 特殊信任网络 | 2.023*** (0.632) | 1.227** (0.383) | |||||
| 截距 | 0.772 | 2.367 | 1.565 | 0.959 | 0.730 | 0.383 | 0.419 |
| 观测次数 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 |
| 0.345 | 0.076 | 0.228 | 0.399 | 0.358 | 0.437 | 0.478 |
| 0.345 | 0.076 | 0.228 | 0.399 | 0.352 | 0.426 | 0.463 |
| F | 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
表6 团队B的QAP回归结果 |
| 自变量 | 因变量:知识共享网络 | ||||||
| 咨询网络 | 1.743*** (0.450) | 1.694** (0.438) | 1.383* (0.357) | 1.209* (0.312) | |||
| 情感网络 | 1.468** (0.310) | 0.089 (0.019) | -0.145 (-0.301) | -0.089 (-0.189) | |||
| 一般信任网络 | 1.836*** (0.391) | 0.770 (0.164) | 0.397 (0.085) | ||||
| 特殊信任网络 | 1.344** (0.389) | 0.532 (0.154) | |||||
| 截距 | 3.785 | 4.850 | 4.141 | 4.130 | 3.786 | 3.609 | 3.462 |
| 观测次数 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 |
| 0.203 | 0.096 | 0.153 | 0.151 | 0.203 | 0.216 | 0.228 |
| 0.206 | 0.096 | 0.153 | 0.151 | 0.188 | 0.186 | 0.183 |
| F | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.000 |
)、调整后的拟合优度(
)以及模型的F检验值,值得注意的是,与计量经济学不同,矩阵回归分析的观测次数取决于自变量矩阵的行列,如团队A由11个成员组成,自变量由11*11的方阵构成,不考虑团队中成员与自身的关系,观测数值便为110(11*10);表6和表7中,首先,以知识共享网络为因变量,将各网络作为单独自变量,进行QAP矩阵回归;随后,逐次加入一个网络;再次,进行QAP矩阵回归,目的是判断各网络对于知识共享网络的显著程度以及各自变量网络间的共线性关系。表7 团队A和团队B自变量的中心性、对因变量的影响对比 |
| 项目 | 咨询网络 | 情感网络 | 一般信任网络 | 特殊信任网络 |
| 中心性比较 | A<B | A<B | A>B | A>B |
| 对知识共享的影响比较 | A<B | A>B | A>B | A>B |
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