Research on Knowledge Management Practice of Large-Scale Sports Events——Taking Knowledge Management of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics as an Example
Received date: 2023-02-02
Online published: 2025-04-28
[Purpose/Significance] The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics effectively reduced the cost and improved the quality of event planning through knowledge management, providing a model for future events. By analyzing and summarizing the characteristics and shortcomings of knowledge management in the Winter Olympics, we can provide reference for knowledge management in large-scale sports events in China. [Method/Process] Using content analysis as the main research method, policy documents, case reports, and news information obtained from the official website of the International Olympic Committee, the official website of the Chinese Olympic Committee, and the information and knowledge management platform of the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee were used as the main sources of data. The characteristics of Winter Olympics knowledge management were summarized from aspects such as management strategy, management system, top-level design, etc. Based on the theory of knowledge lifecycle, the existing shortcomings of Winter Olympics knowledge management were analyzed, and provide suggestions for knowledge management of future large-scale sports events. [Results/Conclusion] There are deficiencies in knowledge management for the Beijing Winter Olympics in terms of comprehensiveness, sustainability, and coverage of results. Knowledge management for large-scale sports events in China should focus on comprehensive collection and organization of event knowledge, optimization of knowledge management organizational structure and normalized operation, and promotion and application of knowledge and experience in event preparation.
Junzhe Li , Yongjun Xu , Jingyue Zhang , Dan Zhang . Research on Knowledge Management Practice of Large-Scale Sports Events——Taking Knowledge Management of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics as an Example[J]. Knowledge Management Forum, 2023 , 8(6) : 476 -486 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.2095-5472.2023.038
表1 北京冬奥知识管理文本材料内容开放编码及结果Table 1 Open coding and results of text material content on knowledge management of Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics |
| 编码 | 名称 | 来源 | 类别 | 主要相关内容表述 | 初步编码 | 内容识别 | 内容归类 |
| A1 | 《主办城市合同:2022年第24届冬奥会》[20] | IOC | 政策文件 | 1.向奥组委提供支持:IOC将与奥组委分享IOC多年来获得的信息、知识和专业知识,奥组委可参与OGKM(Olympic Games Knowledge Management)计划 2.奥组委对奥运遗产的贡献:奥组委应按时免费向IOC提供奥运会信息和专业知识 3.知识管理原则:奥组委应设专门的管理机构,妥善保管奥运会信息和专业知识;并制定后奥运时代关于长期保存奥运知识的总体计划,包括报告和出版物 4.IOC的专属权利:未经IOC的书面批准,奥组委不得向任何第三方提供奥运知识 | 1.实施奥运知识管理是奥组委的法定职责之一 2.奥运知识在IOC中不断累积与流转 3.奥组委享有并需承担关于奥运知识管理的权利与义务 4.奥组委形成的奥运知识所有权属于IOC | 1.奥运知识管理得到相关政策文件支持 2.奥运知识持续管理 3.奥运知识管理组织架构设置 4.奥运知识产权所属 | 管理制度/ 管理成效 |
| A2 | 《2022年北京冬奥会和冬残奥会遗产战略计划》[21] | IOC | 政策文件 | 1.科学规范收集、整理、留存与运用好北京冬奥会筹办信息与知识遗产,总结各业务领域办赛经验 2.建设冬奥博物馆,研究设立奥林匹克学院,做好知识传承与转移,为未来中国大型赛事和奥运会筹办提供宝贵的智力财富 | 1.科学收集、整理、留存与运用 2.奥运知识是奥运遗产的重要部分 3.建立相应管理机构 4.传承赛事经验 | 1.奥运知识管理得到相关政策文件支持 2.奥运知识组织架构设置 3.奥运遗产体系划归 4.奥运知识传承或转移 | 管理制度/ 管理理念 |
| A3 | 《北京冬奥组委信息与知识管理取得新成效》[19] | IOC | 总结报告 | 1.始于明智的学习战略,并贯彻到知识管理工作的每个层面 2.将“人”置于知识管理工作的核心 3.北京冬奥知识管理成果统计 | 1.具有明确的战略导向 2.冬奥知识管理以人才为重 3.冬奥知识管理取得经验与成果 | 1.奥运知识管理制度规引 2.人才培养机制 | 管理制度 |
| A4 | 《北京 2022 年冬奥会和冬残奥会 体育遗产报告(2022)》[23] | 北京冬奥组委 | 总结报告 | 1.发布知识与信息管理(information and knowledge management, IKM)平台、“学习冬奥”微信小程序、“冬奥公益大讲堂”、《冰雪知识微课堂》系列节目、“互联网+残疾人”冬季健身服务平台、“冰雪之家”系列活动等,举办冬奥知识竞赛,传播奥林匹克知识,传播奥林匹克理念 2.邀请外国专家进行办奥知识转移,深化专业培训,建立专业知识与技能台账 3.面向公众推广冬奥竞赛项目知识介绍片 | 1.冬奥知识开发与传播形式 2.冬奥知识转移 3.人才培训 4.强调公众参与 | 1.知识传播 2.奥运知识传承或转移 3.人才培养机制 4.面向社会开放 | 管理制度/ 管理成效 |
| A5 | 《2022年北京冬奥会:推动奥运信息和知识管理创新》[24] | IOC | 访谈纪要 | 1.应用数字工具改革奥运信息和知识管理 2.加强与社会公众互动 3.IKM平台汇集奥运信息和知识,非机密信息可对外分享 在社交媒体上开发与奥运知识相关的应用程序 4.开设“冬季奥林匹克公开课程” 5.应用数字化技术实现冬奥信息和知识的大幅推广与传播 | 1.将数字化技术应用于冬奥知识管理,并呈现多种形式 2.冬奥知识管理工作强调社会公众参与 3.冬奥知识实现在数字平台上传播 | 1.数字化技术介入奥运知识管理 2.面向社会开放 | 管理成效 |
| A6 | 《北京冬奥组委推出冬奥云端学习平台》[25] | 中国奥委会 | 新闻资讯 | 1.建立IKM平台 2.创建“学习冬奥”微信小程序 3.创建“冬奥公益大讲堂” | 冬奥知识开发与传播 | 知识传播 | 管理成效 |
| A7 | 《聚天下英才办好北京冬奥会——北京冬奥组委创新人才发展体制机制》[26] | 新 华 社 | 总结报告 | 1.注重“人才”在冬奥筹办中的作用 2.发布系列管理办法、实施方案 3.落实人才行动计划,并形成相对完善的人才培养和使用制度体系 4.采用“人才控制数”策略,高效推进筹办工作中心任务 5.面向全球招聘人才,建立外籍专业人才团队式引进和短期使用机制 6.面向社会公开招募专业人才队伍 7.充分利用京冀地区高校的资源优势 | 1.强调人才作用 2.实施人才行动计划 3.人才管理措施 | 1.人才引入机制 2.人才培养机制 3.面向社会开放 | 管理制度/ 管理成效 |
| A8 | 《北京冬奥组委人力资源部部长闫成详解:如何运行好“冬奥大脑”?》[27] | 央 广 网 | 新闻资讯 | 1.人力资源调配工作是组织运行的基础 2.人力资资源部的工作重点在于赛事指挥运行体系 3.建设专业化、国际化的人才队伍 4.畅通社会力量参与办奥的渠道,搭建冬奥共建共享平台 5.疫情期间在线培训,助力冬奥人才成长 6.冬奥人才是奥运遗产的重要组成部分 | 1.强调人才作用 2.实施人才行动计划 3.冬奥人才是遗产的重要组成部分 | 1.奥运知识管理组织架构设置 2.奥运遗产体系划归 | 管理制度/ 管理理念 |
| A9 | 《北京冬奥筹办基石:奥运知识管理战略》[28] | 央 广 网 | 新闻资讯 | 1.实施奥运会知识管理战略,确保办赛知识技能和经验的延续 2.奥运会知识管理战略的主要功能 3.北京冬奥组委首次将奥运知识管理团队置于人力资源部中 | 1.奥运会知识管理项目缘起、功能与演进 2.冬奥知识管理经验 | 1.奥运知识管理得到相关政策文件支持 2.奥运知识管理组织架构设置 | 管理制度 |
李俊哲:提出选题,设计结构,提出部分重要观点,撰写、修改论文;
徐拥军:提出部分重要观点,审定论文;
张景岳:收集资料,提出部分重要观点,撰写、修改论文;
张 丹:收集资料,提出部分重要观点,撰写、修改论文。
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