[目的/意义] 在全球经济处于下行的情况下，研究知识管理具有现实意义。[方法/过程] 对国内外知识管理理论与现实进行综合性研究，调研主要分3个部分：一是利用可视化软件CiteSpace对 5 000余篇国外有关知识管理的相关文献进行主题分析，试图发现知识管理各项活动的研究关联和研究热点。二是对我国559家企业进行问卷调研，以了解中国企业知识管理的现状。调研结果显示，人际网络是知识获取的主要来源；多数企业在知识管理实践上仍处于准备期；知识密集度高的实践较少。三是利用结构方程模型对上述问卷进行统计分析，试图发现知识管理对探索式创新和拓展式创新、对企业绩效的影响。[结果/结论] 结果发现，这3项要素之间存在正相关关系；研究还同时发现，企业大多关注知识深度，对知识联系和知识广度重视不足。在上述研究基础上，针对中国企业的知识管理与创新提出对策和建议。

[Purpose/significance]Knowledge management research has practical significance in the case of the global economic downturn. [Method/process] This paper is a comprehensive study of the knowledge management theory and practices, which is divided into three parts: first, we use CiteSpace to analyze 5,000 articles related to knowledge management, trying to discover the association between various knowledge management activities and the research focus. Second, our team conducted a survey on 559 companies to understand the current status of Chinese enterprises’ knowledge management. We found that social network is the main source of knowledge acquisition; the majority of enterprises are still in the preparation period of knowledge management practice; knowledge-intensive practices are few. Third, we use the structural equation model to explore the impact of the knowledge management on exploratory innovation, exploitive innovation and enterprise performance. [Result/conclusion] The research found that there is a positive correlation between these three elements. Besides, most of the enterprises are concerned about knowledge depth rather than knowledge breadth or linkage. Authors propose suggestions for Chinese enterprises on knowledge management and innovation.