老年人对增强现实旅游场景的接受行为研究:基于TRI-UTAUT2模型
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李骄阳,硕士研究生,E-mail:lijiaoyang@mail.nankai.edu.cn |
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樊振佳,副教授,博士,博士生导师。 |
Copy editor: 刘远颖
收稿日期: 2022-09-29
网络出版日期: 2025-04-28
基金资助
南开大学文科基金研究项目“数智时代老年人信息贫困多元致因及ICT适老化路径研究”(ZB22BZ0213)
Acceptance Behavior of the Elderly in Augmented Reality Tourism Scenes: Based on TRI/UTAUT2 Model
Received date: 2022-09-29
Online published: 2025-04-28
[目的/意义] 针对老年群体,探究其对于新技术应用的接受行为并发现规律。[方法/过程] 基于整合科技接受模型(UTAUT2)和技术准备度(TRI)理论,构建老年群体对增强现实旅游场景的接受行为模型,提出研究假设,并采用问卷调查的方式收集数据,运用结构方程模型、SPSS和AMOS软件验证假设,对老年人群体中增强现实旅游场景的接受行为的影响因素进行研究。[结果/结论] 老年群体中促成因素不能显著影响使用意愿但显著影响使用行为;老年群体中绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响、价格价值和不舒适感是使用意愿的主要前因变量;老年群体中使用意愿是接受行为的显著影响因素,享乐动机和缺乏安全感对其接受意愿并无显著影响。
李骄阳 , 樊振佳 . 老年人对增强现实旅游场景的接受行为研究:基于TRI-UTAUT2模型[J]. 知识管理论坛, 2023 , 8(1) : 53 -64 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.2095-5472.2023.005
[Purpose/Significance] This paper aims to explore the acceptance behavior of the elderly for the application of new technologies and find out its regular pattern.[Method/Process] Based on the UTAUT2 and TRI, this paper constructed a behavior model of the elderly for the use of augmented reality tourism scenarios, put forward research hypotheses, collected data by means of questionnaire survey, and verified hypotheses by using structural equation model, SPSS and AMOS software, to verify the influencing factors of augmented reality tourism scene acceptance behavior among the elderly. [Result/Conclusion] The results show that: the contributing factors in the elderly group cannot significantly affect the use intention, but significantly affect the use behavior. Performance expectation, effort expectation, social impact, price value and discomfort are the main antecedents of use intention in the elderly group. The use intention of the elderly is a significant influencing factor of use behavior, and hedonic motivation and lack of security have no significant impact on their use intention.
Key words: the elderly; augmented reality; tourist use behavior; TRI; UTAUT
表1 变量测量题项 |
| 变量Variables | 测量指标Items | |
| 绩效期望 | 我认为游览AR旅游场景可以让旅游过程更快更全面 | |
| 我认为游览AR旅游场景可以提高旅游的效率 | ||
| 我认为游览AR旅游场景可以让旅游变得更加便利 | ||
| 努力期望 | 我认为游览AR旅游场景的流程清晰易懂 | |
| 我认为很容易即可熟练掌握游览AR旅游场景的方法 | ||
| 我认为游览AR旅游场景很容易操作 | ||
| 享乐动机 | 我很喜欢游览AR旅游场景的过程 | |
| 我认为游览AR旅游场景令我很愉快 | ||
| 我认为游览AR旅游场景很省力和有趣 | ||
| 价格价值 | 我认为AR旅游场景对参观旅游很有价值 | |
| 我认为与传统旅游方式相比,游览AR旅游场景性价比更高 | ||
| 我认为游览AR旅游场景能避免排队,体验更好 | ||
| 社会影响 | 对我很重要的人推荐我游览AR旅游场景 | |
| 对我的行为有影响的人,他们游览AR旅游场景的行为会影响我的使用意愿 | ||
| 新闻的宣传推广会影响我游览AR旅游场景的意愿 | ||
| 促成因素 | 我有游览AR旅游场景所必须的资源(手机、网络等) | |
| 在游览AR旅游场景馆的过程中,如果遇到困难会获得帮助 | ||
| 我所处环境对游览AR旅游场景的支持促使我游览AR旅游场景 | ||
| 不舒适感 | 有时候会我觉得游览AR旅游场景操作起来很复杂 | |
| 当我游览AR旅游场景时,我会感到我仿佛被利用了 | ||
| 当我游览AR旅游场景时,我会感到更容易被政府和企业监控 | ||
| 缺乏安全感 | 我认为游览AR旅游场景存在安全风险,只有在人们使用后才会发现 | |
| 我担心游览AR旅游场景的信息会被他人看见 | ||
| 我认为向AR旅游场景提供信息时,信息安全性无法确定 | ||
| 使用意愿 | 我愿意尝试游览AR旅游场景 | |
| 我愿意继续游览AR旅游场景 | ||
| 我愿意给别人推荐游览AR旅游场景 | ||
| 使用行为 | 我经常游览AR旅游场景 | |
| 我会继续游览AR旅游场景 | ||
| 游览AR旅游场景对我来说是很自然的事情 | ||
表2 验证因子分析 |
| 潜变量 | 观察变量 | 标准化因子载荷 | α系数 | 组合信度 | 平均方差抽取值 |
| 绩效期望 | PE1 | 0.710 | 0.743 | 0.767 | 0.533 |
| PE2 | 0.542 | ||||
| PE3 | 0.895 | ||||
| 努力期望 | EE1 | 0.813 | 0.830 | 0.835 | 0.630 |
| EE2 | 0.670 | ||||
| EE3 | 0.883 | ||||
| 享乐动机 | HM1 | 0.918 | 0.933 | 0.934 | 0.824 |
| HM2 | 0.876 | ||||
| HM3 | 0.929 | ||||
| 价格价值 | PV1 | 0.929 | 0.876 | 0.889 | 0.734 |
| PV2 | 0.616 | ||||
| PV3 | 0.979 | ||||
| 社会影响 | SI1 | 0.814 | 0.831 | 0.734 | 0.889 |
| SI2 | 0.742 | ||||
| SI3 | 0.818 | ||||
| 促成因素 | FC1 | 0.913 | 0.923 | 0.924 | 0.801 |
| FC2 | 0.886 | ||||
| FC3 | 0.886 | ||||
| 不舒适感 | D1 | 0.896 | 0.915 | 0.923 | 0.801 |
| D2 | 0.819 | ||||
| D3 | 0.964 | ||||
| 缺乏安全感 | I1 | 0.896 | 0.919 | 0.920 | 0.793 |
| I2 | 0.884 | ||||
| I3 | 0.891 | ||||
| 使用意愿 | BI1 | 0.959 | 0.919 | 0.922 | 0.797 |
| BI2 | 0.831 | ||||
| BI3 | 0.884 | ||||
| 使用行为 | UB1 | 0.916 | 0.928 | 0.929 | 0.813 |
| UB2 | 0.915 | ||||
| UB3 | 0.873 |
表3 变量区分效度检验 |
| 潜变量 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 绩效期望 | 0.730 | |||||||||
| 努力期望 | 0.469 | 0.794 | ||||||||
| 享乐动机 | 0.507 | 0.417 | 0.908 | |||||||
| 价格价值 | 0.364 | 0.587 | 0.369 | 0.908 | ||||||
| 社会影响 | 0.513 | 0.474 | 0.54 | 0.429 | 0.943 | |||||
| 促成因素 | 0.443 | 0.498 | 0.509 | 0.503 | 0.594 | 0.961 | ||||
| 不舒适感 | 0.524 | 0.453 | 0.481 | 0.384 | 0.604 | 0.477 | 0.895 | |||
| 缺乏安全感 | 0.379 | 0.371 | 0.448 | 0.413 | 0.533 | 0.531 | 0.537 | 0.891 | ||
| 使用意愿 | 0.528 | 0.756 | 0.55 | 0.743 | 0.560 | 0.572 | 0.528 | 0.447 | 0.893 | |
| 使用行为 | 0.288 | 0.489 | 0.321 | 0.539 | 0.359 | 0.539 | 0.303 | 0.312 | 0.429 | 0.902 |
表4 假设检验结果 |
| 假设 | 假设路径 | 标准化路径系数 | 标准误 | t值 | 检验结果 |
| Hypotheses | Paths | Estimate | S.E | t | Results |
| H1 | 绩效期望正向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用意向 | 0.108** | 0.059 | 2.181 | 成立 |
| H2 | 努力期望正向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用意向 | 0.180*** | 0.060 | 3.486 | 成立 |
| H3 | 社会影响正向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用意向 | 0.173*** | 0.050 | 3.303 | 成立 |
| H4 | 促成因素正向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用意向 | 0.036 | 0.054 | 0.712 | 不成立 |
| H5 | 促成因素正向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用行为 | 0.483*** | 0.058 | 9.886 | 成立 |
| H6 | 享乐动机正向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用意向 | 0.105 | 0.064 | 1.897 | 不成立 |
| H7 | 价格价值正向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用意向 | 0.189*** | 0.053 | 3.484 | 成立 |
| H8 | 不舒适感负向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用意向 | -0.120** | 0.051 | -2.208 | 成立 |
| H9 | 缺乏安全感负向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用意向 | -0.040 | 0.051 | -0.764 | 不成立 |
| H10 | 使用意愿正向影响老年人的AR旅游场景使用行为 | 0.401*** | 0.062 | 7.840 | 成立 |
注:***代表p<0.001;**代表p<0.05 |
李骄阳:收集与处理数据,撰写及修改论文;
樊振佳:确定论文选题框架,提出修改意见,完善研究内容并修改论文。
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