基于主题模型和时间序列分析的新兴主题识别与特征关联研究
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李雅倩:硕士研究生 |
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孙玉玲:副研究员,硕士生导师 |
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赵婉雨:馆员 |
收稿日期: 2021-12-01
网络出版日期: 2025-04-28
Research on Emerging Topic Recognition and Feature Association Based on Topic Model and Time Series Analysis
Received date: 2021-12-01
Online published: 2025-04-28
[目的/意义]开展新兴主题识别研究,科学有效地发掘其特征关联规律,可以更好地服务于现实需求,发挥科技情报研究对学科发展的创新支撑作用。 [方法/过程]从新兴主题特征定义出发,结合新兴主题研究与科学影响评价的相关理论与实践,利用自然语言处理、全局主成分分析和时间序列分析方法建立新兴主题识别的方法框架,量化主题的一致性、新颖性、影响力和增长性等特征,结合趋势预测完成对新兴主题的提取、分析和识别。在新兴主题识别的基础上,深度挖掘目标领域新兴主题发展的规律,利用格兰杰因果检验和协整分析,对其特征关联效应进行长期均衡检验和因果关系推断,分析影响新兴主题发展的长期关联因素及其作用关系。[结果/结论]提出一套新兴主题识别及其关联特征分析的方法。为证实该方法的可行性和有效性,选取湿地领域开展实证研究,结合主题识别与特征关联效应分析,刻画该领域主题科学影响的动态发展路径,从关联特征视角出发提出新兴主题的建设思考。
李雅倩 , 孙玉玲 , 赵婉雨 . 基于主题模型和时间序列分析的新兴主题识别与特征关联研究[J]. 知识管理论坛, 2022 , 7(3) : 229 -247 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.2095-5472.2022.020
[Purpose/Significance] Carrying out research on emerging research topics(ERT) identification and scientifically and effectively discovering their characteristic correlation laws can better serve practical needs and give play to the innovative supporting role of sci-tech information research on the development of disciplines. Aiming at discovering emerging research topic(ERT) and its characteristic correlation effect scientifically and effectively, this paper carries out ERT identification and feature analysis, while realizing the innovative supporting role of sci-tech information work. [Method/Process] Starting from the definition of the features of ERT, this paper established the methodological framework of ERT identification by using natural language processing, global principal component analysis and time series analysis. Based on the relevant theories and practices of emerging topic identification and scientific impact assessment, this thesis quantified the characteristics of the topic’s consistency, novelty, influence, and growth. On the basis of emerging themes identification, the law of the development of emerging themes in the target field is deeply excavated. Granger causality test and cointegration analysis were used to explore the long term equilibrium and the correlation effects of their characteristics. [Result/Conclusion] This paper proposes a method to identify ERT and their correlation feature analysis. In order to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of this method, the field of wetland was selected to carry out empirical research. Combined with the topic identification and feature correlation effect analysis, the final result depicted the dynamic development path of subject science influence in this field, while putting forward some advices on developing emerging topics from the perspective of associated characteristics.
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代表主题k在t年的第m个文档上的被引频次,按照文档年份进行同一主题下的频次累积加总即为主题引用指标。t代表年份,m为文章篇数,k为主题个数。
代表主题k在t年的第m个文档上的所有作者数量,其增长一方面来源于发文数量的增加,另一方面来源于参与研究人员数量的增加。
代表主题k在t年的第m个科技文献的学科分类数量,笔者通过学科数量频次提取,按照文档年份累积加总得到主题学科数量指标。
代表主题k在t年的第m个文档上的机构覆盖数量。
代表主题k在t年的第m个文档上的主题概率,该指标越大说明研究价值和研究意义越大。 ${\text{TI}}_{\text{k,t}}$代表主题k在t年的第m个文档上的主题强度。表1 湿地领域研究主题—关键词列表 |
| 主编号 | 主题归纳 | 英文关键词 |
| Topic1 | 人工湿地再生 | removal|wetland|nitrogen|constructedwetlands|performance|system|rightsreserved|phosphorus |
| Topic2 | 湿地生态监测 | wetland|vegetation|species|water|rightsreserved|diversity|soil|dynamics|site|restoration |
| Topic3 | 环境气候变化响应 | coastalwetland|climatechange|marsh|sealevelrise|saltmarsh|partinaalterniflora|inundation|erosion |
| Topic4 | 湿地污染成分分析 | pb|heavymetal|zn|cu|cd|contamination|cr|ni|mn|bioaccumulation|surfacesediments|fe|ca|bioavailability|hg |
| Topic5 | 湿地生物多样性保护 | conservation|area|biodiversity|region|management|china|climate|landscape| agriculture|bird |
| Topic6 | 湿地气体排放通量模型与监测 | co2|ch4|vulnerability|sequestration|carbondioxide|n2o|limited|microbialbiomass|tissues|feature |
| Topic7 | 退化湿地系统恢复 | ecosystemservices|phytoremediation|accounting|wetlandecosystem|metrics|upland|ecosystemfunctions |
| Topic8 | 湿地循环系统分析 | chemicaloxygendemandcod|adsorption|effluents|tidalwetlands|bod|hydrodynamics|phylogeneticanalysis |
| Topic9 | 区域湿地管理 | hydraulicretentiontime|surfacewater|compounds|chemicaloxygendemand|archaea|sustainabledevelopment|cr |
| Topic10 | 湿地恢复的标准和技术 | carbonsequestration|ch4fluxes|moisture|modelresults|river-basin|forestedwetland|slr|decompositionrates |
| Topic11 | 湿地生态防护 | bacterialcommunity|hydraulicretentiontimehrt|hrt|microbialdiversity|aquaticenvironment|industrialwastewater |
| Topic12 | 湿地微生物群落研究 | biofilm|synthesis|verticalflow|functionalgene|nest|subset|importantecosystems|mesocosm|protein|strain |
| Topic13 | 湿地微生物基因研究 | genes|waves|strains|dissolvedoxygen|bacterialdiversity|parasites|enzymeactivities|nacl|acid-minedrainage |
| Topic14 | 湿地生物种群趋势预测分析 | landsat|timeseries|taxonomy|ammonianitrogen|paranariver|coleoptera|murray-darlingbasin|prescribedfire |
| Topic15 | 湿地生态补偿 | northeastchina|dom|urban|mammals|wetlandprotection|ammonia-oxidizingbacteria|wetlandbirds|southernbrazil |
| Topic16 | 湿地分类与定量勘查研究 | yellowriverdelta|remotesensingdata|liver|buffalo|swampeel|sewage-treatment|linearregression|landscapepattern|c/nratio |
| Topic17 | 湿地系统发生分析 | bacterial|velocity|disease|co2fluxes|power|changeclimate|enzymeactivity|contaminatedwater|phylogeneticanalyses|sr|dem |
| Topic18 | 红树林等湿地生态预测分析 | biodiversityconservation|n2oemission|mangrovewetland|ecologicalprocesses|stormsurge|n2ofluxes|trin|metalaccumulation |
| Topic19 | 湿地分类生态治理 | mangroveforest|agriculturalwetland|landcoverchange|temporaldynamic|N20emission|coastalwetland|greatlake|scenario|soiltype |
| Topic20 | 自然和受控湿地的C、N循环模型的比较 | combinedeffect|deltac13|denitrifier|localscale|differentwetlands|deltan15|foodresource|saltmarsh|sealevelrise|microbialdegradation |
| Topic21 | 湿地水质遥感评估 | ecologicalrisk|satellitedata|dissimilatorynitratereduction|sourceidentification|coastalzone|tpremoval|Typha x glauca |situ measurement |
| Topic22 | 滨海湿地生态系统服务功能与管理 | coastalecosystem|occupancy|horizontalsubsurfaceflow|co2|riverdelta|environmentalflow|polycyclicaromatichydrocarbonspah |
| Topic23 | 湿地社区生态学 | environmentalgradients|restoredwetland|inhibition|ecologicalcondition|greywater|phytotoxicity|marshbird|typhadomingensis |
| Topic24 | 湿地生态修复 | aquifers|porousmedia|cooccurrence|bacterialcommunitycomposition|wild|seedlingsurvival|leafareaindexlai|meteorologicaldata |
| Topic25 | 湿地生物对气候变化的反应 | geographicallyisolatedwetlands|humanhealth|pca|stable-isotopes|climatewarming|species|n-addition|sodium|tree |
| Topic26 | 生物地球化学循环 | soilorganiccarbon|waterhyacinth|phenotypicplasticity|biogeochemicalcycles|cd|coastalenvironment|growinginterest|nosZ-genes |
表2 主体强度序列检验结果 |
| 变量 | 检验类型 | ADF统计值 | 5%统计值 | P值 | 是否平稳 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| lnTopic1 | (c,0,1) | -5.129 154 | -3.710 482 | 0.004 0 | 截距平稳 |
| lnTopic2 | (c,t,0) | -6.472 344 | -3.690 814 | 0.000 3 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic3 | (c,t,0) | -5.526 228 | -3.690 814 | 0.001 7 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic4 | (c,t,0) | -3.322 204 | -3.690 814 | 0.094 3 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic5 | (c,t,0) | -10.157 720 | -3.052 169 | 0.000 0 | 截距平稳 |
| lnTopic6 | (c,t,1) | -3.564 050 | -3.690 814 | 0.062 4 | 趋势截距平稳 |
| lnTopic7 | (c,t,0) | -3.502 356 | -3.690 814 | 0.069 5 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic8 | (c,t,0) | -5.097 738 | -3.690 814 | 0.003 8 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic9 | (c,t,0) | -3.7108 690 | -3.690 814 | 0.048 2 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic10 | (c,t,0) | -4.091 747 | -3.690 814 | 0.024 3 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic11 | (c,t,0) | -5.451 596 | -3.690 814 | 0.002 0 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic12 | (c,0,1) | -10.268 850 | -3.052 169 | 0.000 0 | 截距平稳 |
| lnTopic13 | (c,t,0) | -4.381 036 | -3.690 814 | 0.014 3 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic14 | (c,t,0) | -3.714 111 | -3.690 814 | 0.048 0 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic15 | (c,t,0) | -4.241 266 | -3.690 814 | 0.018 4 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic16 | (c,t,0) | -3.542 071 | -3.690 814 | 0.064 9 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic17 | (c,t,0) | -3.448 073 | -3.690 814 | 0.076 3 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic18 | (c,t,0) | -4.975 529 | -3.690 814 | 0.004 7 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic19 | (c,t,0) | -3.517 281 | -3.690 814 | 0.067 7 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic20 | (c,t,0) | -4.485 202 | -3.690 814 | 0.011 8 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic21 | (c,0,1) | -6.922 477 | -3.052 169 | 0.000 0 | 截距平稳 |
| lnTopic22 | (c,t,0) | -3.675 896 | -3.690 814 | 0.051 3 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic23 | (c,0,1) | -10.619 530 | -3.052 169 | 0.000 0 | 截距平稳 |
| lnTopic24 | (c,t,0) | -4.346 055 | -3.690 814 | 0.015 2 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic25 | (c,t,0) | -5.129 103 | -3.690 814 | 0.003 6 | 平稳 |
| lnTopic26 | (c,t,0) | -11.538 490 | -3.052 169 | 0.000 0 | 平稳 |
表3 ARIMA时间序列模型搭建 |
| 主题 | ACF图 | PACF图 | 模型 | 主题 | ACF图 | PACF图 | 模型 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 主题1 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) | 主题14 | 1阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) |
| 主题2 | 3阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) | 主题15 | 1阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) |
| 主题3 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) | 主题16 | 1阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) |
| 主题4 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) | 主题17 | 5阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) |
| 主题5 | 3阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) | 主题18 | 3阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) |
| 主题6 | 5阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) | 主题19 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) |
| 主题7 | 6阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) | 主题20 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) |
| 主题8 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) | 主题21 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) |
| 主题9 | 1阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) | 主题22 | 1阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) |
| 主题10 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) | 主题23 | 7阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) |
| 主题11 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) | 主题24 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) |
| 主题12 | 拖尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) | 主题25 | 7阶截尾 | 1阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) |
| 主题13 | 7阶截尾 | 4阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,1,0) | 主题26 | 7阶截尾 | 8阶截尾 | ARIMA(1,0,0) |
表4 Kao-test协整检验 |
| Kao test for cointegration | |||
| Ho:No cointegration | Number of panels= 6 | ||
| Ha:All panels are cointegrated | Number of periods= 19 | ||
| Cointegrating vector: | Same | ||
| Panel means: | Included | Kernel: | Bartlett |
| Time trend: | Not included | Lags: | 1.83(Newey-West) |
| AR parameter: | Same | Augmented lags: | |
| Statistic | p-value | ||
| Modified Dickey-Fuller t | -3.610 2 | 0.000 2 | |
| Dickey-Fuller t | -5.250 7 | 0.000 0 | |
| Augmented Dickey-Fuller t | -7.705 2 | 0.000 0 | |
| Unadjusted modified Dickey-Fuller t | -5.700 6 | 0.000 0 | |
| Unadjusted Dickey-Fuller t | -5.822 1 | 0.000 0 | |
表5 协整方程 |
| Cointegrating Equation(s): | Log likelihood | 964.444 2 | ||
| Normalized cointegrating coefficients (standard error in parentheses) | ||||
| LNTI | LNTCI | LNTCG | LNTAT | LNTIS |
| 1.000 000 | 234.143 1 | -920.788 2 | 469.822 8 | 227.383 8 |
| (32.655 9) | (129.873) | (208.967) | (276.913) | |
| Adjustment coefficients (standard error in parentheses) | ||||
| D(LNTI) | 0.001 462 | |||
| (0.000 23) | ||||
| D(LNTCI) | 0.006 427 | |||
| (0.000 69) | ||||
| D(LNTCG) | 0.001 084 | |||
| (0.000 24) | ||||
| D(LNTAT) | 0.001 080 | |||
| (0.000 23) | ||||
| D(LNTIS) | 0.001 183 | |||
| (0.000 24) | ||||
表6 格兰杰外生性检验 |
| Juodis, Karavias and Sarafidis(2021) Granger non-causality test results: | ||||||
| Number of units= 6 | T= | 18 | ||||
| Number of lags = 3 | BIC= | 342.544 2 | ||||
| HPJ Wald test: | 76 510.84 | pvalue_HPJ: | 0.000 0 | |||
| H0: | Selected covariates do not Granger-cause ti. | |||||
| H1: | H0 is violated. | |||||
| Results for the Half-Panel Jackknife estimator | ||||||
| Coef. | Std.Err. | z | P>|z| | [95% Conf. Interval] | ||
| tci | ||||||
| L1. | -0.032 670 | 0.003 953 | -8.27 | 0.000 | -0.040 420 | -0.024 930 |
| L2. | -0.026 340 | 0.003 456 | -7.62 | 0.000 | -0.033 110 | -0.019 570 |
| L3. | -0.146 610 | 0.003 222 | -45.50 | 0.000 | -0.152 920 | -0.140 290 |
| tis | ||||||
| L1. | 2.650 179 | 0.125 868 | 21.06 | 0.000 | 2.403 481 | 2.896 877 |
| L2. | -6.499 070 | 0.142 101 | -45.74 | 0.000 | -6.777 580 | -6.220 550 |
| L3. | 15.612 260 | 0.168 684 | 92.55 | 0.000 | 15.281 640 | 15.942 870 |
| tat | ||||||
| L1. | -2.534 910 | 0.058 553 | -43.29 | 0.000 | -2.649 670 | -2.420 150 |
| L2. | 1.831 435 | 0.063 434 | 28.87 | 0.000 | 1.707 107 | 1.955 762 |
| L3. | -5.879 390 | 0.071 325 | -82.43 | 0.000 | -6.019 180 | -5.739 590 |
| tcg | ||||||
| L1. | 3.946 251 | 0.092 628 | 42.60 | 0.000 | 3.764 703 | 4.127 798 |
| L2. | 3.033 879 | 0.073 701 | 41.16 | 0.000 | 2.889 429 | 3.178 330 |
| L3. | -4.039 500 | 0.066 424 | -60.81 | 0.000 | -4.169 690 | -3.909 310 |
表7 Granger因果关系检验结果 |
| 零假设 | 观测量 | F统计量 | P值 | 结论 |
| lNTI不是LITIS的Granger原因 | 114 | 3.340 00 | 0.070 3 | 拒绝 |
| lNTI不是LITCI的Granger原因 | 114 | 3.488 47 | 0.063 9 | 拒绝 |
| lNTI不是LITAT的Granger原因 | 114 | 2.975 39 | 0.089 2 | 拒绝 |
| lNTI不是LITCG的Granger原因 | 114 | 1.018 18 | 0.390 4 | 接受 |
| lNTIS不是LITI的Granger原因 | 114 | 8.040 20 | 0.006 1 | 拒绝 |
| lNTCI不是LITI的Granger原因 | 114 | 2.576 47 | 0.117 2 | 接受 |
| lNTAT不是LITI的Granger原因 | 114 | 3.765 67 | 0.053 8 | 拒绝 |
| lNTCG不是LITI的Granger原因 | 114 | 3.090 81 | 0.082 7 | 拒绝 |
李雅倩:研究框架搭建,数据分析,文章撰写
孙玉玲:论文指导,成稿修改
赵婉雨:数据收集与预处理
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