在线评论与消费者退货意向:认知失调的多重中介效应分析
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魏娟,副教授,博士,E-mail:weijuan8010@163.com。 |
收稿日期: 2020-11-10
网络出版日期: 2025-04-28
基金资助
教育部人文社会科学研究项目“海量信息环境下在线评论的效用优化机制研究”(17YJC630168)
江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究基金项目“大数据环境下在线评论过载对消费者决策的影响”(2016SJB630017)
江苏省政府留学奖学金项目(2014)
Online Reviews and Consumer Return Intention: Multiple Mediating Effects of Cognitive Dissonance
Received date: 2020-11-10
Online published: 2025-04-28
[目的/意义] 在线评论是消费者决策的重要参考依据,不仅可以提高产品的销售量,而且可以降低退货率。探索在线评论和消费者退货意向之间的关系,有助于进一步挖掘在线评论的价值。[方法/过程] 本研究运用SOR(刺激-机体-反应)和认知失调理论,构建消费者退货意向的概念模型。采用结构方程和Bootstrap中介检验以及调节检验,探讨在线评论对消费者退货意向的作用机制,并检验认知失调的多重中介作用及产品涉入度的调节效应。[结果/结论] 研究表明:较少的、低质量或低可信的在线评论通过产品失调和情绪失调正向影响退货意向,且情绪失调的中介效应大于产品失调的中介效应,产品失调和情绪失调的总中介效应大于在线评论对退货意向的直接效应,而产品涉入度对中介路径没有显著的调节作用。
魏娟 . 在线评论与消费者退货意向:认知失调的多重中介效应分析[J]. 知识管理论坛, 2021 , 6(1) : 24 -36 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.2095-5472.2021.003
[Purpose/significance] Online reviews play an important role on decision-making for consumers, which not only boost sales but also reduce the probability of product returns. Exploring the effect of online reviews on consumers' return intention will help to find the value of online reviews. [Method/process] In this paper, a conceptual model between online reviews and consumers' return intention was proposed based on SOR and cognitive dissonance theory. We explored the impact of online reviews on return intention using structural equation modeling and tested the multiple mediating effects of cognitive dissonance and moderating effects of product involvement by bootstrap. [Result/conclusion] The results show that the few, low quality or low reliability online reviews have significant positive effects on return intention. The emotion dissonance and product dissonance play a parallel and serial mediating role between online reviews and return intention, the mediating effect of emotion dissonance is greater than product dissonance does. But the product involvement has no significant moderating effect on mediation path.
表1 量表及指标来源 |
| 构念 | 二级构念 | 具体指标 | 指标来源 |
| 在线评论 | 评论数量 | NUM1:很多人对该产品发表了评论 | 文献 [20, 23] |
| NUM2:该产品受到较高的关注 | |||
| NUM3:该产品评论包含的信息量很大 | |||
| 评论质量 | QUA1:评论内容很真实 | 文献 [20, 23] | |
| QUA2:评论内容很客观 | |||
| QUA3:评论内容很容易理解 | |||
| QUA4:评论内容观点很清晰 | |||
| QUA5:评论内容提供了大量有用的信息 | |||
| QUA6:该评论能反映最新的交易情况 | |||
| 评论可信度 | CRED1:评论内容具有说服力 | 文献 [28] | |
| CRED2:评论者具有良好的信誉 | |||
| CRED3:评论同时包含产品的优点和缺点 | |||
| CRED4:很多评论获得了有用性投票 | |||
| 认知失调 | 情绪失调 | EMO1:我感到很不自在 | 文献 [18] |
| EMO2:我感到很失望 | |||
| EMO3:我感到很烦恼 | |||
| EMO4:我感到很难受 | |||
| EMO5:我感到很生气 | |||
| EMO6:我感到很沮丧 | |||
| EMO7:我感到很痛苦 | |||
| EMO8:我感到被愚弄 | |||
| 产品失调 | PRUC1:怀疑自己是否真正需要该产品 | 文献 [18, 31] | |
| PRUC2:怀疑自己是否做出了正确的选择 | |||
| PRUC3:怀疑自己购买该产品是否正确 | |||
| PRUC4:怀疑自己是否不应该购买任何产品 | |||
| 产品涉入度 | PINV1:同其他产品相比,该产品对我很重要 | 文献 [35] | |
| PINV2:该产品是我所需要的 | |||
| PINV3:选购该产品时,我很慎重地选择 | |||
| PINV4:我经常关注该产品 | |||
| 退货意向 | RET1:退货的可能性很大,而之前没想过 | 作者编制 | |
| RET2:有很强烈的退货意向 | |||
| RET3:想立刻退掉购买的产品 |
表2 潜变量信度分析 |
| 指标 | 评论数量 | 评论质量 | 评论可信 | 情绪失调 | 产品失调 | 产品涉入度 | 退货意向 |
| α | 0.77 | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.86 | 0.82 | 0.84 | 0.83 |
| C.R | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.87 | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.83 |
| AVE | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.55 | 0.60 | 0.62 |
表3 不同结构模型的适配度指标 |
| 模型 | Χ2 | df | Χ2 /df | CFI | GFI | AGFI | RMSEA |
| 假设模型 | 163.442 | 69 | 2.369 | 0.967 | 0.943 | 0.914 | 0.060 |
| 部分中介 | 207.781 | 69 | 3.011 | 0.952 | 0.930 | 0.893 | 0.073 |
| 并行中介 | 216.893 | 70 | 3.098 | 0.949 | 0.927 | 0.890 | 0.074 |
| 链式中介 | 242.823 | 71 | 3.420 | 0.927 | 0.914 | 0.872 | 0.080 |
| 完全中介 | 250.554 | 72 | 3.480 | 0.938 | 0.915 | 0.876 | 0.081 |
注:部分中介删除在线评论到情绪失调的路径;并行中介删除产品失调到情绪失调的路径;链式中介删除在线评论到情绪失调、产品失调到退货意向的路径;完全中介删除产品失调到情绪失调、在线评论到退货意向的路径 |
表4 路径系数及假设检验结果 |
| 假设 | 路径 | 标准化系数 | S.E. | C.R. | P | 检验结果 |
| H1 | 在线评论→产品失调 | 0.47 | 0.086 | 6.93 | *** | 支持 |
| H2 | 在线评论→情绪失调 | 0.49 | 0.085 | 7.87 | *** | 支持 |
| H3 | 在线评论→退货意向 | 0.18 | 0.083 | 2.87 | 0.004 | 支持 |
| H4 | 产品失调→情绪失调 | 0.42 | 0.068 | 6.77 | *** | 支持 |
| H5 | 产品失调→退货意向 | 0.23 | 0.065 | 3.83 | *** | 支持 |
| H6 | 情绪失调→退货意向 | 0.60 | 0.083 | 7.12 | *** | 支持 |
注:***p<0.001 |
表5 中介效应及Bootstrap分析结果 |
| 中介路径 | 效应值 | LLCI | ULCI | SE |
| 在线评论→产品失调→退货意向 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.16 | 0.024** |
| 在线评论→情绪失调→退货意向 | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.31 | 0.034** |
| 在线评论→产品失调→情绪失调→退货意向 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.024** |
| 对比中介效应(a1b1-a2b2) | -0.13 | -0.21 | -0.05 | 0.042** |
| 总中介效应 | 0.44 | 0.32 | 0.55 | 0.058* |
| 总效应 | 0.68 | 0.58 | 0.77 | 0.049** |
注:**p<0.05; *p<0.01 |
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