[目的/意义] 近年来，知识图谱技术受到学术界和工业界的普遍关注。提出数据驱动的增量式知识图谱构建方法，为构建垂直知识图谱提供一种新思路。同时，通过三个用例研究提供垂直知识图谱的应用示范。[方法/过程] 首先给出知识图谱的形式化定义，然后提出数据驱动的增量式知识图谱构建方法，重点研究构建垂直知识图谱数据图的细节与难点。基于该方法，本文构建了中医药知识图谱、海洋知识图谱和企业知识图谱。[结果/结论] 以上垂直知识图谱的构建证实了本方法的可行性，它们各自的垂直应用体现了知识图谱的广泛应用。

[Purpose/significance]In recent years, knowledge graphs have gained wide attention from academia and industry. Knowledge graphs of different domains are widely used in query understanding, automatic question answering and document representation. [Method/process]In this paper, the construction of vertical knowledge graphs and related applications were studied. Specifically, we first gave a formal definition of knowledge graph. Then a data-driven incremental constructing method was proposed. We put emphasis on constructing a data graph of a vertical knowledge graph. Based on the proposed method, we have built Traditional Chinese Medicine Knowledge Graph, Marine-oriented Knowledge Graph and Security-oriented Knowledge Graph. [Result/conclusion]These vertical knowledge graphs illustrate the feasibility of our method and extensive usability of vertical knowledge graphs.