[目的/意义] 旨在客观、科学地衡量学者的影响力，识别近10年国内科研成果丰富、学术影响力杰出的学者群体，引导中国学者将更多优秀成果首发在国内期刊。 [方法/过程] 主要采用文献计量学方法进行遴选和评价。单篇论文影响力采用论文引证标准化指数（Paper Citation Standardized Index，简称PCSI）作为评价指标，论文作者贡献权重分配采用优化后的调和分配法，在每位学者所有发文基础上计算“作者总PCSI”作为高被引学者的遴选指标。 [结果/结论] 遴选出“高被引学者TOP 1%”约3万人，“高被引学者TOP 5%”约8.9万人。这一研究成果首次实现对我国学者的全面定量评价，为学术界提供识别高端人才队伍的新视角，有利于激发学者持续创新，同时鼓励国内优秀科研成果回流。遴选结果显示：在学科分布上，人文社会科学领域中的应用经济学、教育学、工商管理、公共管理和农林经济管理等学科入选高被引学者人数最多，科技领域中的临床医学、中医学、电气工程、护理学和土木工程等学科入选高被引学者人数最多；在区域分布上，高被引学者数量最多的是北京、江苏、上海、广东和湖北等教育科研发达地区；在机构分布上，清华大学、北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学是入选学者数量最多的5个机构。

[Purpose/Significance] This study aims to measure the influence of scholars objectively and scientifically, identify a group of scholars with rich scientific research achievements and outstanding academic influence in China in the past 10 years, and guide Chinese scholars to publish more outstanding achievements in domestic journals. [Method/Process] The selection and evaluation process primarily employed bibliometric methods. For assessing individual paper impact, we utilized the Paper Citation Standardized Index (PCSI) as the evaluation metric. Author contribution weights were allocated using an optimized harmonic allocation method. The final selection of highly cited scholars was based on calculating the 'Total Author PCSI' derived from each researcher's complete publication record. [Result/Conclusion] Approximately 30,000 individuals were selected as "Top 1% Highly Cited Scholars", and around 89,000 individuals were selected as "Top 5% Highly Cited Scholars". This research achievement has achieved a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of Chinese scholars for the first time, providing a new perspective for the academic community to identify high-end talent teams, which is conducive to stimulating scholars' continuous innovation and encouraging the return of excellent domestic scientific research achievements. The selection results show that in terms of disciplinary distribution, applied economics, education, business administration, public management, and agricultural and forestry economic management have the highest number of highly cited scholars selected in the fields of humanities and social sciences. In the field of technology, disciplines such as clinical medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, electrical engineering, nursing, and civil engineering have the highest number of highly cited scholars selected. In terms of regional distribution, the regions with the highest number of highly cited scholars are Beijing, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Guangdong, and Hubei, which are developed in education and scientific research. In terms of institutional distribution, Tsinghua University, Peking University, Wuhan University, Renmin University of China and Beijing Normal University are the five institutions with the largest number of selected scholars.