
大型体育赛事知识管理实践探究——以2022年北京冬奥会为例
Research on Knowledge Management Practice of Large-Scale Sports Events——Taking Knowledge Management of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics as an Example
[目的/意义] 2022年北京冬奥会通过知识管理有效降低了赛事筹办成本,提高了赛事筹办质量,为日后赛事筹办提供学习范本。通过分析总结北京冬奥会知识管理的特点与不足,为我国大型体育赛事知识管理提供借鉴。[方法/过程] 采用内容分析法,以国际奥委会官网、中国奥委会官网及北京冬奥组委信息与知识管理平台获得的政策文件、案例报告和新闻资讯等为主要资料来源,从管理理念、管理制度、管理成效等方面总结北京冬奥会知识管理的特点,依据知识生命周期理论分析北京冬奥会知识管理的不足,并对日后大型体育赛事知识管理提出建议。[结果/结论] 北京冬奥会知识管理在知识全面性、管理持续性、效果覆盖度三方面存在不足,我国大型体育赛事知识管理应当注重赛事知识全面收集整理、知识管理组织结构优化与常态化运营、赛事筹办知识经验的推广应用。
[Purpose/Significance] The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics effectively reduced the cost and improved the quality of event planning through knowledge management, providing a model for future events. By analyzing and summarizing the characteristics and shortcomings of knowledge management in the Winter Olympics, we can provide reference for knowledge management in large-scale sports events in China. [Method/Process] Using content analysis as the main research method, policy documents, case reports, and news information obtained from the official website of the International Olympic Committee, the official website of the Chinese Olympic Committee, and the information and knowledge management platform of the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee were used as the main sources of data. The characteristics of Winter Olympics knowledge management were summarized from aspects such as management strategy, management system, top-level design, etc. Based on the theory of knowledge lifecycle, the existing shortcomings of Winter Olympics knowledge management were analyzed, and provide suggestions for knowledge management of future large-scale sports events. [Results/Conclusion] There are deficiencies in knowledge management for the Beijing Winter Olympics in terms of comprehensiveness, sustainability, and coverage of results. Knowledge management for large-scale sports events in China should focus on comprehensive collection and organization of event knowledge, optimization of knowledge management organizational structure and normalized operation, and promotion and application of knowledge and experience in event preparation.
large sports events / Beijing Winter Olympics / knowledge management
[1] |
纪成龙.2022年北京冬奥会筹办的全周期特征及其重点任务管理研究[C]//第十一届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编, 北京:中国体育科学学会,2019:6859-6860.(JI C L. Research on the full-cycle characteristics and key task management of the preparation for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics[C]//Proceedings of the 11th National Sports Science Congress. Beijing: Chinese Society of Sports Science, 2019:6859-6860.)
|
[2] |
FLYVBJERG B, STEWART A, BUDZIER A. The Oxford Olympics study 2016: cost and cost overrun at the games[J]. arXiv preprint, 2016, arXiv:1607.04484.
|
[3] |
徐拥军,张丹.论北京奥运档案的遗产价值[J].档案学通讯,2022(1):4-14.(XU Y J, ZHANG D. On the legacy value of the Beijing Olympic archives[J]. Archive science communication,2022(1):4-14.)[4] 李小兰.现代大型体育赛事的内涵、特征与社会功能[J].体育文化导刊,2010,(4):147-150.(LI X L. The connotation, characteristics, and social functions of modern major sports events[J]. Sports Culture Guide,2010, (4):147-150.)
|
[5] |
梁林海.知识管理[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2013:21-22.(LIANG L H. Knowledge management[M]. Beijing: Peking University Press,2013:21-22.)
|
[6] |
黄文卉.基于知识管理的体育赛事管理模式与评价[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2011.(HUANG W H. The management model and evaluation of sport event based on knowledge management[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology,2011.)
|
[7] |
张琛.大型体育赛事知识管理应用研究[D].北京:中国人民大学,2008.(ZHANG C. Research on the application of knowledge management in major sports events[D]. Beijing: Renmin University of China,2008.)
|
[8] |
苏庆永,司虎克.基于知识管理的体育赛事风险管理[J].体育科研,2008(4):18-20.(QING Y, SI H K. Risk management of sports events based on knowledge management[J]. Sports science research,2008(4):18-20.)
|
[9] |
张瑞林,李凌,王恒利.冰雪体育赛事品牌管理与品牌进化绩效的探析[J].体育学研究,2018,1(2):45-56.(ZHANG R L, LI L, WANG H L. Brand management and brand evolution performance in ice-and-snow sport events,2018,1(2):45-56.)
|
[10] |
韩思音,陶倩,耿锁奎.基于技术规范的大型体育赛事竞赛组织管理系统的构建[J].上海体育学院学报,2014,38(2):33-37.(HAN S Y, TAO Q, GENG S K. Modeling for management information system of competition organizing based technical on specifications in major sport events[J]. Journal of Shanghai University of Sport, 2014, 38(2): 33-37.)
|
[11] |
金媛,雍明.知识管理视角下大型体育赛事可持续发展研究——以杭州亚运会为例[C]//中国体育科学学会.第十二届全国体育科学大会论文摘要汇编——墙报交流(体育管理分会),北京:中国体育科学学会,2022:2.(JIN Y, YONG M. Research on sustainable development of major sports events from the perspective of knowledge management: the case of the Hangzhou Asian Games[C]//Chinese Society of Sports Science. Proceedings of the 12th National Sports Science Congress - Poster Communication (sports management branch), Beijing: Chinese Society of Sports Science,2022:2.)
|
[12] |
黄文卉.奥运会的知识管理应用研究——以北京奥运会为例[J].武汉体育学院学报,2011,45(6):30-34.(HUANG W H. Application of knowledge management of Olympic Games——in view of 2008 Beijing Olympic Games[J]. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education,2011,45(6):30-34.)
|
[13] |
PARENT M M, MACDONALD D, GOULE G. The theory and practice of knowledge management and transfer: the case of the Olympic Games[J]. Sport management review,2014,17(2):205-218.
|
[14] |
LISTIANI P A. Knowledge management of The Olympic Games: a case study of PyeongChang Organizing Committee of Olympic/Paralympic Games[D]. Seoul: Seoul National University,2021.
|
[15] |
ALI N, ASL R, GOODARZI M, SAJJADI S N. The relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management in the Islamic Republic of Iran's National Olympic Committee[J]. International journal of academic research in business and social sciences,2012,2(1):1.
|
[16] |
时光寨, 刘文娜.公共部门的核心能力刚性及其破解之路——国际奥委会知识管理对公共部门能力构建的启示[J].新视野, 2010(1):34-36.(SHI G Z, LIU W N. The rigidity of core competencies in the public sector and the path to their resolution: lessons from the International Olympic Committee's knowledge management for public sector capacity building[J]. Expanding horizons,2010(1):34-36.)
|
[17] |
LEOPKEY B, PARENT M M. The (Neo) institutionalization of legacy and its sustainable governance within the Olympic Movement[J]. European sport management quarterly, 2012,12(5):437-455.
|
[18] |
HOMMA K, MASUMOTO N. A theoretical approach for the Olympic legacy study focusing on sustainable sport legacy[J]. The International journal of the history of sport, 2013,30(12):1455-1471.
|
[19] |
International Olympic Committee. Results of the Beijing 2022 IKM Work[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://olympics.com/ioc/news/ikl/January/results-of-the-beijing-2022-ikm-work.
|
[20] |
International Olympic Committee. Host city contract for the XXIV Olympic Winter Games in the year 2022[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://stillmed.olympic.org/Documents/Host_city_elections/Host-City-Contract-XXIV-Olympic-Winter-Games-in-2022--Beijing-Execution-no-signature.pdf.
|
[21] |
Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics organizing committee. The legacy plan of the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games Beijing 2022[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. http://mat1.gtimg.com/bj2022/beijing2022/Beijing2022CreatesLegacyPlan.pdf.
|
[22] |
中国新闻网.北京冬奥组委多种方式将经验成果传递给未来奥组委[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. http://ent.people.com.cn/n1/2022/0323/c1012-32381756.html.(China News Service. Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee passes experience and results to future Organizing Committees in various ways[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. http://ent.people.com.cn/n1/2022/0323/c1012-32381756.html.)
|
[23] |
北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组织委员会,北京体育大学.北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会体育遗产报告(2022)[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. http://download.people.com.cn/jingji/thireteen16425617531.pdf.( Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics Organizing Committee, Beijing Sport University. Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics Sports Heritage Report (2022)[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. http://download.people.com.cn/jingji/thireteen16425617531.pdf.)
|
[24] |
International Olympic Committee. Beijing 2022: driving innovation for Olympic information and knowledge management[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://olympics.com/ioc/news/ikl/april/beijing-2022-driving-innovation-for-olympic-information-and-knowledge-management.
|
[25] |
新华社.北京冬奥组委推出冬奥云端学习平台[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. http://sports.xinhuanet.com/c/2021-02/02/c_1127052935.htm.(Xinhua News Agency. Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee launches Winter Olympics cloud learning platform[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. http://sports.xinhuanet.com/c/2021-02/02/c_1127052935.htm.)
|
[26] |
新华社.聚天下英才办好北京冬奥会——北京冬奥组委创新人才发展体制机制[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-10/09/content/5641650.htm.(Xinhua News Agency. Gathering global talents for the successful organization of the Beijing Winter Olympics – Innovations in talent development systems and mechanisms by the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-10/09/content/5641650.htm.)
|
[27] |
央广网.北京冬奥组委人力资源部部长闫成详解:如何运行好“冬奥大脑”?[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://m.gmw.cn/2021-04/26/content_1302254562.htm.(China National Radio. Yan Cheng, Director of the Human Resources Department of the Beijing Winter Olympics Organizing Committee, explains how to operate the "Winter Olympics Brain" effectively[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://m.gmw.cn/2021-04/26/content_1302254562.htm.)
|
[28] |
央广网.北京冬奥筹办基石:奥运知识管理战略[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29].https://tv.cctv.com/2018/10/15/VIDERrzaVgXU50UGGIvsfVHC181015.shtml.(China National Radio. The cornerstone of the Beijing Winter Olympics preparation: Olympic knowledge management strategy[EB/OL]. [2023-08-29]. https://tv.cctv.com/2018/10/15/VIDERrzaVgXU50UGGIvsfVHC181015.shtml.)
|
[29] |
孟彬,马捷,张龙革.论知识的生命周期[J].图书情报知识,2006(3):92-95.(MENG B, MA J, ZHANG L. On the lifecycle of knowledge[J]. Documentation, information & knowledge,2006(3):92-95.)
|
李俊哲:提出选题,设计结构,提出部分重要观点,撰写、修改论文;
徐拥军:提出部分重要观点,审定论文;
张景岳:收集资料,提出部分重要观点,撰写、修改论文;
张 丹:收集资料,提出部分重要观点,撰写、修改论文。
/
〈 |
|
〉 |