[目的/意义] 文献检索对科技查新的质量起着决定性作用，是查新检索实践及相关研究的重点内容。专利审查与科技查新存在着密切联系和共性，因此，本文将其技术特征及发现最接近现有技术思路的概念引入科技查新检索策略制定中。[方法/过程] 将技术特征划分为技术领域、技术问题、技术方案和技术效果4个维度，在获得更多检索线索的同时，围绕技术特征元素构造更为全面和准确的检索式层次。[结果/结论] 通过基于技术特征构建的4个层次的科技查新文献检索策略，一方面为查新工作者构建多样化的检索策略提供了引导作用，另一方面其可追溯性也为查新过程的规范提供了可能性。

[Purpose/significance] Search Strategy plays a decisive role in the practice of scientific and technical novelty search, it is the key content of novelty searching practice and related research. There are close relations and commonalities between patent examination and scientific and technical novelty search. This article tries to integrate the concept of technological characteristics and the closest existing technology in patent prosecution with search strategy in scientific and technical novelty search. [Method/process] The technological characteristics are divided into the following four dimensions, technology field, technology problem, technology solution and technology outcome. This could provide us more retrieval clues, and help to develop a more comprehensive and accurate search strategy. [Results/conclusions] This article presented a technological characteristics-based, four-level formulation of search strategy in scientific and technical novelty search. On the one hand, it could provide guidelines for relevant practitioners; on the other hand, it also helps to normalize the scientific and technical novelty search process.