[目的/意义] 知识经济时代，对企业知识进行有效管理至关重要，实践社区作为一种重要的知识管理工具而受到广泛重视，对基于实践社区的知识管理研究进行述评及展望，能够为知识管理研究与实践提供参考和依据。[方法/过程] 利用CiteSpace软件对实践社区研究文献进行主题词共现分析，并对其核心研究文献进行内容分析，揭示基于实践社区的知识管理的研究现状和未来发展趋势。[结果/结论] 实践社区源于知识经济时代对企业知识管理、情境学习和基于实践的学习等方面的需求。利用实践社区促进企业知识管理，能够提高企业创新能力、反应能力、核心竞争力和工作效率。充分发挥实践社区知识管理的效能，需要同时考虑组织、社区和个体等三个层面的因素。

[Purpose/significance] In the era of knowledge economy, it is very important to manage the enterprise knowledge effectively, and the community of practice is widely regarded as an important knowledge management tool. Reviewing and forecasting the research on knowledge management based on communities of practice can provide references and basis for the research and practice of knowledge management. [Method/process] CiteSpace software was used to analyze the thematic co-occurrence of the research literature of communities of practice, and analyzed the content of the core research literature. Furthermore, the research status and future development trend of the knowledge management based on communities of practice were revealed. [Result/conclusion] Communities of practice origin from enterprises’ knowledge management, situational learning, practice-based learning and other needs in the knowledge economy era. The usage of communities of practice to promote enterprise knowledge management can improve the enterprise innovation ability, responsiveness, core competitiveness and efficiency. It is essential to consider the three levels of factors: organization, community and individual to make full use of the knowledge management of communities of practice.